Hydrocarbon motor



J. G. VINCENT HYDROCARBON MOTOR Original Filed Oct. 4. 1916 Jszse atente June 3, 1924.

ED STAT I 1,496,396 PATENT OFFICE.

JESSE G. VINCENT, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T PACKARD MOTOR GOM- PANY, 015 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

Original application filed October 4, 1916, Serial No. 123,715. Divided and this application filed February 18, 1918. Serial No. 217,867.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JESSE G. VINCENT,

a citizen of the United States, and resident of Detroit, Wayne County, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This application is a division of application Serial No. 123,715, filed October 4, 1916.

This invention relates to motor cylinders and in particular to cylinders having poppet valves inthe heads, the barrel and head parts of the cylinders being shown as integral.

It is one of the objects of the invention to provide a motor cylinder having a fully machined interior wall.-

Another object of the invention is to provide a motor cylinder in which the barrel and head are integral, in which the valves are in the head, and in which pockets are formed to give greater clearance around the valves and to form a ledge to catch the valve in case of breakage of the stem.

Another object of the'invention is to provide a motor cylinder having upwardly extending valves in the head, with guides for said valves that may be removed to permit lateral movement of the, valves for withso drawal.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings which form a part of this specification, and in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a motor cylinder made in accordance with this invention, one of the valves being shown partly removed; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on the line 22 of Fig. 1, the valve being closed; and Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, both valves being closed.

A finished motor cylinder made in accordance with this invention is illustrated 4a in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. 20 indicates the cylinder as a whole and 21 is the body or barrel part and 22 is the head. Spark plug openings 23 are formed in both sides of the head as shown particularlyin Fig. 1. i I

The body and headparts of the cylinders shown are-integral and the interior of the body part 21 is machined as by reaming. The combustion splace 24 is formed in the head above the cy 'nder barrel and it is of in the drawings.

somewhat dome shape with slight enlargements or pockets 25 on opposite sides of the head. This combustion space is machined all over to provide a smooth interior and to insure uniformity in size of combustion space when several cylinders are used in a multi-cylinder motor.

' In the upper wall of the cylinder head and above the pockets 25 are intake and exhaust ports 26, which form the openings into the cylinder for the gas passages 27. These passages 27 have external openings 28 to which suitable pipes may be connected, and they are further formed with openings 29 in their upper sides, in which plugs 30 are secured. The entire walls of the passages 27 are machine finished and each of the openings 29- is' machined to form a shoulder 31 against which the plug 30 may rest. The plug may be secured in place in any desired way as by welding or by peening over the edge 32 as shown in Fig. 1.

Each of the plugs 30 is formed with bosses 33 vand 34 thereon and through the plug and bosses a diagonally extending hole 35 is made. The axis of this hole 35 is substantially at right angles to the port 26 when the plug 30 is in position, as shown Each port 26 forms a valve seat for a poppet valve 36, the stem of which extends 35 though the diagonal hole 35 in the plug 30 and is surrounded by a sleeve 37 w ich seats in saidhole, and in which the valve stem slides. A spring 38 surrounds the valve stem and yieldin ly retains the valve in closed position, an the valve maybe 1 operated in the usual manner by suitable valve tappets not shown. '1.

It will be seen that the port 26 is arranged slightly diagonally in the cylinder head, and

' it is so arranged relative to the interior of the cylinder wall that a downward continuation of the cylinder of said port, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, would just clear the cylinder wall, sothat the head of the poppet valve 36 which, of course, is slightly larger than the port 26, would not quite clear said 0 linder wall when the valve is guided coaxlally with the hole 35, and conse uently with the ort 26. Thus if-the valve spring should reak'and. let the valve drop down into the combustion space it would not drop into the cylinder. and against the piston, but would be caught on the ledge formed by the lower wall of one of the pockets 25, as shown at the right hand side in Fig. 1. This would localize the accident whereas the valve dropping into the cylinder would u on the upstroke of the piston cause a brea age of the cylinder or piston or other vital parts of the motor.

It will be understood that the valve 36 may be removed by first withdrawing the sleeve 37 and then moving the valve laterally so that its head clears the cylinder wall, this byreason of the fact that the valve stem is smaller than the hole 35. The valve may then be withdrawn through the cylinder. Obviously the valve may be assembled or replaced by the reverse operation. 4

The process or method by which the cylinder above described is finished or machined may be described as follows:

The cylinder casting is first bored and reamed to form the smooth interior wall of the cylinder barrel. This smooth interior wall of the cylinder barrel is then used as a guide for a tool which rotates in the upper end of the cylinder and forms the domed combustion space. A somewhat smaller rotary tool is then employed and guided by the cylinder walls and by relatively oscillating the tool and cylinder the pockets 25 are machined out. Another tool, guided in the cylinder is used to form the inner part of t e gas passages 27 and suitable drills are employed from the outside to intersect the passages formed from the inside of the cylinder and thus finish these passages and form the shoulders 31 of the openings 29. Several intermediate steps may be employed also to round off any sharp edges that may be otherwise formed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A cylinder having a gas passage and a valve seat at the inner end thereof, said cylinder being formed with an opening in the side of said passage, a plug in said opening having a diagonal hole therethrough and valve guiding means carried by said plug and disposed in said hole adapted to guide a valve in a manner to engage said valve seat.

2. A cylinder having a gas passage and a valve seat at the inner end thereof, said cylinder being formed with an opening in the side of said passage, arranged at an angle to said valve seat, a plug in said opening having a hole extended diagonal therethrough and at right angles to the valve seat and valve guiding means carried by said plug anddisposed in said hole adapted to guide a valve in a manner to position the valve on said valve seat.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

JESSE G. VINCENT. 

